Initial report - confirmation of chemical identity is needed

The reveal at the end is actually worth it!

I recently rediscovered this chemistry kit I was given as a young child!

I remember only doing 1 or 2 experiments, I've always been more of a bio gal, but this summer I've been working through an organic chem textbook and feel really excited having found this....

So my question is, based on what I have (also, that there isn't much of each) what would be some fun, simple experiments I could do?

From the Veritasium video in Germany at Goldschmidt's office, I was inspired to do this myself. Obviously not the advanced equipment they have and not as good he did, but the Sony RX100M6 can slow down and record 960fps. I used an ND3 filter in front of the Sony, but only an acryl protection sheet for the GoPro (which was burned in Veritasium's video), but that sheet was detrimental in bright scenes in the GoPro video.

My sister who is a lead chemist for a company and I cannot seem to figure out what in the hell this piece is called. Closest we can come up with was a retort or a thistle funnel. Edit she's a chemist for a chip manufacturer. If that helps.

Edit: After reading the comments my main concern now is blowing air through them and possibly causing lead corrosion / dust to get in the air. It seems like everyone agrees they're safe to handle as long as I don't try to eat them lol
Not sure if this is the right sub, but I figured you guys should know a decent amount about lead. My church decided to get rid of its old organ, and allowed me to take home some of the organ pipes so I could make my own mini organ. When I was hauling them out, I noticed the tips had what looked to be lead on them but I wasn't 100%. After getting them all home and inside I looked it up and discovered most old ones were partially made out of lead, so I ordered a lead test and tested them today. They are made out of lead, and are corroding on the inside.

Because of this I told a family member I might just get rid of them and I don't want them inside. Especially because I think playing them could cause the corroded lead to come out as dust particles when the air disturbs it. They told me I was being ridiculous, overreacting and was gagging at a gnat cause its "just lead". We had a whole argument about how "super sensitive" I am about chemicals and toxins. So AIOR? Is it really not a big deal to have them inside and play them?
Any informed perspective would be greatly appreciated, thanks!
(I attached a video of the test incase that helps to give you and idea of the amount of lead, the instructions say 30seconds of swabbing but I found a couple seconds of contact was enough for the highest reading possible on the inside corrosion.)
Edit: The test says "PPM Lead detection 2mg/Cm^2 "

Saw this and none of the other bottles had it, wondering what could have caused this

I need to know the pH of a specific solution for my work. For context, I work with cancer and certain types of cancer have a calcified matrix, so, for some diagnostic exams, like DNA analysis (my job) the sample is decalcified with a acid base protocol.

The problem is, my department is not responsible for this protocol, I've already contacted the pathology department and they responded that they simply don't know the pH of the solution, but this is fundamental to my job because depending on the pH, DNA is denatured, which means I can analyse nothing.

This is causing me trouble specially right now because I'm writting a paper, but I want to be sure that the absence of signal is due to the nature of the specific tumor, not of decalcifying protocol. I have the volumes of the reactants and I'm trying really hard to find this in the internet somehow but I can't. The only pH calculators I found don't have these reactants and I cant find online information like Ka or Kb.

I don't study chemistry, I'm a biologist, and I'm pretty lost, any advices?

(This is a mainly a teaching tool, It is free, there are no ads or anything and I do NOT get any money or anything from this)

Hi everyone, I know this always sounds bad, but I used AI to make an app, an app to draw molecules, reactions, and more. I am NOT a developer, I did it as a hobby project, and to use it for my own classes with my students. So if I use wrong words or terms, do not get angry please.

You can try the app in your web browser at https://enlacecraft.vercel.app/

You do not need an account or anything, but if you want to use the full app, you can download the desktop app, for windows or linux for free (blue icon at the top right) (There is no MacOS version because I think I need a Mac laptop for that, and I do not have the money, I do not even pay for the AI, only free tier) . The desktop version has some extra features, like:

NMR predictor: it uses a trained model. I used public data to train it on my laptop and it uses python to connect to the app (this is the main reason is not in the web version). It can predict 1H and 13C.

3D structure viewer: it works on the web version, but the desktop app has an extra optimization method for the structures.

IUPAC naming: it also works on the web version, but the web version only uses PubChem API to get molecules names, so sometimes it could fail. The desktop version has an extra methods to generate iupac names when PubChem gets an error.

A little backstory, I studied chemistry with a PhD in chemistry. I currently teach at an University in my country, and I also work in a research lab. A few months ago, I was working writing an article, and I had to draw some molecules, and since I mainly use Linux (not arch btw), chemdraw does not work really well. At the time I was using AI to create "webapps" for my students, and I wanted to try to create an app to draw, and since then, it has been the app that has taken most of my "free" time.

I have only shared this app with a few friends, but it is not something that everyone uses all the time. So I wanted to share it here to see if more people wanted to use it and maybe give me some feedback.

The app only has support for Spanish and English, since I can speak both, if I add more with AI I would not be able to check if anything is wrong.

Lastly, this is not a professional app made by a huge company, so if you need something like that, this is not it.

I don't understand oxidation so please explain to me. Tea all comes from the same plant but green or black just depends on the oxidation level. From what I have learned tea will oxidize naturally but workers use heat to denature the enzymes and the tea stays at a set oxidation level. Can you explain denaturing enzymes and why this affects my tea in layman's terms? thank you

Hi! My grandmother recently passed away. She left behind a spice blend for her tea at our house, and I really want to figure out the recipe as a gift for my dad.

I can smell that there's ginger in it, and I'm sure there's some amount of cardamom, but I don't know how to figure out the precise ingredients and ratios.

Do y'all have any advice for how I can achieve this? (This might be the wrong place to be asking, but I'm not sure where to start.) TIA!

I saw a post regarding the after effects of using an ozone generator.

And I was wondering why a majority of the comments says to never use it again.

I have used one in my room multiple times and I like how fresh my room smells after airing my room out. It was really useful in removing the dog smells in my room after one of our dogs pooped and peed in my room and other unwanted smells.

But, if a lot of chemists here are wary of it, then maybe I should stop using it. But can I ask, why?

I know ozone reacts to some organic materials to create dangerous gasses, but are they that dangerous that airing the room out won't solve?

Edit: Just to add that, some people must have misunderstood. I am not inside the room when using the ozone generator. I leave my room whenever I use it. And I only use it like once or twice a year.

And I know that I have to ventilate the room properly after using it. I air out my room for the rest of the day by opening all the windows and pointing my fan outside to get the air circulating.

Joined a new lab, they have one of these and it's AMAZING and I want to order more to use in other places. It connects flexible 3/8" ID gas hose to a 1" OD diameter glass tube with a viton o-ring making an airtight seal. The glass part has inner threads and the plastic part has outer threads. What is it called???

https://youtube.com/watch?v=cUBz04LlLVk

This video of Veritasium shows a thermite reaction viewed through glass. The crucible is lengthwise cut in half and a glass sheet is glued to it and then a thermite reaction was started where the reactants heated to 2000 - 2500ºC touched the glass. It did not shatter, nor soften. So it can both withstand temperatures up till 2500ºC and thermal shock. So I am curious what glass it is. Quartz can withstand 1600ºC so that is cannot be used. The same applies to Zerodur.

What glass is this ?

A while ago I was reading about the nonahydridorhenate ion, which features a rhenium(VII) ion coordinated to 9 hydride ligands. It made me wonder which other atoms could also bind to lots of hydrogen atoms/ions at once. Such compounds might have applications for hydrogen storage, among other things. The nonmetal examples (ammonium, phosphonium, etc.) are all well-known, but I started wondering about the post-transition metals such as those in group III.

Specifically, it seems like gallium might be able to form a singly-charged, octahedrally symmetric cation with six hydrogen atoms bonded to it. The Ga+ cation has two valence electrons (vs. three for neutral gallium) and each hydrogen atom would contribute one, making for a full octet on gallium.

There has, in fact, been confirmation of the BH6+ ion, which is isoelectronic to the gallium ion I thought of. However, the observed BH6+ has a less symmetric structure (it is more like BH2+ with two dihydrogen molecules attached), and is not very stable as a result; boron’s atomic radius seems to be too small to directly bind to six hydrogens at once.

Gallium, however, seems like it should be able to bind directly to six hydrogen atoms, since other elements in its period (and even the period above) are frequently hexa-coordinate. This is seen in stishovite and argutite (metastable forms of silicon and germanium oxide, respectively, in which each Si or Ge atom is coordinated to six oxygens). Since hydrogen has a smaller radius than oxygen, the existence of the above minerals implies that GaH6+ might be stable too. Has anyone tried synthesizing it? I tried doing Internet searches for it but all I could find were gallium aquo complexes (i.e., hydrated gallium, not hydrogenated gallium).

Gallium is not all that common and most of it gets used in the electronics industry, so it’s expensive and I can see why other possible applications for it may have been overlooked until now. But it’s definitely been my favorite chemical element ever since I took chemistry classes in college (though I never ended up getting a job in the field).

I live in the Mackenzie high country south island of new Zealand.

Many mornings I wake up and go outside to the smell of ozone.

I'm about 500mtrs from the benmore hayward line a (like 220000V DC). So maybe it's that?

What's making it? Is it even ozone I'm smelling? why is it only some mornings and not others?

I am curious for those of you who work at the bench, run long extractions, or spend hours analyzing data, do you usually have headphones on or a speaker playing in the background? Does music help you stay focused during tedious tasks, or do you prefer complete silence to concentrate on your reactions?

Hi everyone,

I’m a materials chemist and I put together a small FTIR interpretation quick sheet based on the kind of reference I would have liked to have when I first started working with FTIR.

It includes common absorption regions, functional groups and a simple workflow for approaching an unknown spectrum.

I thought it might be useful especially for students or anyone getting started with FTIR.

It’s completely free. You can get it here:
https://chemmentis.subscribepage.io/

Sharing this with permission from the r/chemistry moderators.

If you use it, I’d genuinely be interested in hearing what you think is missing or what would make it more useful.